Types of medical rehabilitation

Rehabilitation is a process necessary to restore health, performance, impaired as a result of a serious illness, injury or surgical intervention. Rehabilitation is subject not only to physical health, but also moral. For this, there are doctors and clinics. The main task of the recovery period is the return of the patient to society to perform work and household duties.

Main types of rehabilitation

When they talk about restoration, they mean a whole range of measures used for the full return of a person to society. It is no secret that many diseases cause not only physical damage. Mental health also needs attention. It is no secret that many serious illnesses begin from severe stress or nervous tension. Therefore, recovery measures include different types of rehabilitation often used together:

• Medical recovery. The basis of the whole process of returning to a person the possibility of independent performance of actions. The effectiveness of carrying out measures to return medical indicators to normal depends on the use of other means during the recovery period. First of all, the normalization of the state of health is achieved, the elimination of pathologies that provoke deterioration, the prevention of the development of complications, the return of lost functions, and the prevention of disability;
• Rehabilitation of the social and household type. Recovery is connected with help from the state. If a person remains disabled, then the social services provide all kinds of assistance in the employment of working groups, material assistance. If the patient has a serious illness, then conditions are created for the possibility of self-service. At this stage, narrowly focused specialists work with the patient: a psychologist, a rehabilitation specialist, an occupational therapist. For such patients, special devices have been developed and equipment has been created that promotes self-service;
• Restoration of professional and production skills is one of the main types of rehabilitation. In this case, the patient is prepared to perform labor duties. They look at the state of health, the ability to perform certain actions. They also look at previous work experience. Then the optimal profession is selected and training is carried out.

medical rehabilitation

In the process of restoring physical health, there are three types of rehabilitation:

• Active. It uses all the techniques present in physical therapy. The patient will be required to perform exercises and sports, regular running, use of simulators;
• Passive. The use of physiotherapy. This includes the use of medical equipment. In the passive form of medical rehabilitation, there are no physical movements on the part of the patient. The damaged area is heated, it is affected by electric current, wave and light manipulations. Passive recovery also includes the use of homeopathic remedies, acupuncture;
• Psychoregulatory rehabilitation. Work with a psychologist, restoration of moral health with the help of music, aesthetic sports, autogenic training, relaxation of the muscular apparatus.

Until recently, doctors recognized only medical methods as restorative measures. As a rule, all actions were aimed at returning to a person the functions lost during the course of the disease. But gradually they began to understand that restoring physical health is not enough for the return and adaptation of the patient in society.

Recovery steps

All types of medical rehabilitation have several periods when the patient goes through the path of recovery gradually.

• Stage 1. Intensive therapy. Immediately after the injury, the patient enters the intensive care unit, where they carry out the necessary manipulations. If the injuries are severe, then the patient is sent to the intensive care unit to perform rescue operations. First aid and other measures prescribed by the doctor are provided here. At the first stage, the patient is in the hospital, where he undergoes physiotherapy, exercise therapy and receives medication;
• Stage 2. The patient is discharged from the hospital and undergoes rehabilitation measures in a hospital, visiting a specialized center, a sanatorium. During this period, the physical activity of the victim increases, the physical condition becomes more stable. All available methods of physical preparation for work are used. For people with disabilities, classes are held to restore independence so that they can serve themselves. When the second stage ends, the patient must be examined for the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures. An analysis is also carried out here and a conclusion is made as to whether a person is ready to perform labor duties. After the second period, the patient can return to his former place of work, or he must be provided with other working conditions, where the load on the body will be less. Psychological recovery is also taken into account when deciding to return a person to society;
• Stage 3. It is carried out in a dispensary. The patient continues to be actively assisted in physical and psychological recovery. Support and assistance with employment and later life.

After receiving an injury that requires a long recovery period, it is important for the patient to be able to fully or partially return to society. To do this, there are several types of rehabilitation measures used by modern medicine. At all stages of recovery, psychologists, pediatricians, surgeons, sociologists, and lawyers work with the patient. All measures are designed to allow the patient to feel like a full member of society.