Stages of rehabilitation

Rehabilitation - measures of therapeutic and preventive action aimed at restoring those abilities of the patient that he lost as a result of illness or injury. They are carried out in a complex, consist of the following stages of rehabilitation: medical (inpatient), outpatient, sanatorium. Or just the first two. The main tasks of which are to eliminate the pathology, prevent the occurrence of disability, adapt to life and work.

Stationary stage

One of the stages of medical rehabilitation, which begins with hospitalization, diagnosis, therapy and the use of treatment methods without medications. Its purpose is to prevent complications and restore the disturbed functions of the body as soon as possible. It uses physiotherapy exercises, massages, physiotherapy and occupational therapy. It captures the entire period of illness and begins in the intensive care unit or intensive care unit.

The main tasks are:

• determine the indications and functional capabilities of the body;
• develop a physical recovery plan;
• identify and correct psychological disorders;
• involve the patient and his family in the treatment process.

Collaboration of all hospital staff is important. Therefore, multidisciplinary teams are used. They act as a team, provide assistance from all sides, negotiate and control their actions. Provide targeted treatment. The head of the team is a neurologist. Some professionals who provide consultation are not its members.

There is a treatment and rehabilitation sub-stage. It starts from the hospital and ends on an outpatient basis. Here patients are divided into subgroups:

1. They have a favorable course. There are high chances of recovery, all actions are aimed at a speedy recovery. Work capacity is restored. Physical capabilities are expanding, different types of therapy are used, exercises are performed.
2. They have diseases of varying severity and need a long stage of renewal, which depends on the severity, characteristics of the course of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment methods. There is more physical activity.

After the end of this stage, a health check is carried out and further actions are developed.

Polyclinic stage of rehabilitation (outpatient or rehabilitation)

It is typical for him to be located near the place of residence, partial labor activity.

It is aimed at: to restore and not lose the ability to work, to prevent the development of the disease.

Tasks:

• Determine how reduced physical capabilities and improve them;
• Monitor the state of a person with the help of various studies;
• Apply medicines to restore all body functions;
• The use of all means for a speedy recovery;
• Prevention.

A number of measures are carried out here, for which they use psychotherapy, kinesitherapy, labor activity, medicines, hydrotherapy, medical and social examination, solve problems related to career guidance and employment. The main one is psychological recovery. It is important to achieve the intended result.

When conducting, they use the following principles:

• Everything should start on time and not be switched off from the treatment process;
• Everyone has their own plan of action. It is necessary to take into account all the nuances associated with the type of violations and their course, and the body's response to therapeutic actions.
• All use in the complex, given the general condition. Here, specialists from all spheres of life should participate, who will decide together what actions are needed.
• To carry out a long return of a person to normal life and not stop him.
• We need complete and accurate information about health, its response to all the measures taken. Information must be transferred from one stage to another.
• It is better that he be treated with those who have the same problems.
• Restore the ability to work and help return to their former lives.
• It should be available to everyone who has a need. But, this is impossible, since the health care system is far from perfect. Due to the price of these services, not everyone has the opportunity to use them.
• Also, it is important to take into account age, profession, technical progress when solving the problems of returning a person to a normal life.

Outpatient stage of rehabilitation

At the outpatient stage of treatment, the use of drugs is limited.

The outpatient stage of rehabilitation is the most inexpensive and effective. It is held once or a couple of times a year, with further continuation in the future, which has a positive effect on health.

They enter this stage of treatment after the previous stage - treatment.

There are widely used methods capable of restoring all limitations of life. And also, a decrease in the level of physical capabilities and prevent its occurrence.

Sanatorium (sanatorium-resort)

Sanatorium is another stage of rehabilitation. It plays an important role, although it cannot be compared with a complete recovery. It lasts 24 days, but the period may be longer. This is where outpatient monitoring takes place. The recovery is still monitored by a rehabilitation specialist. Here they teach you how to do the exercises correctly and learn everything about the right diet.

Goals:

• return to work in order to return to work;
• psychologically adapt;
• be able to take care of themselves.

In sanatoriums, therapeutic exercises, exercise equipment, swimming, sports games, and walking are used.

Gymnastics takes into account the fact that everyone needs their own load. The duration of the lesson is increased little by little. It is characterized by the use of maces, balls, hoops, dumbbells, a gymnastic wall, a bench, various types of running and walking.

Often, the sanatorium method is referred to as a rehabilitation stage and another dispensary is distinguished.

dispensary

The goal is to look after health, maintain and improve it.

The stages of medical rehabilitation look like this: a hospital - a rehabilitation center - a dispensary.

There is another stage, but it has not yet been moved apart - home.

Home

It is carried out by outpatient clinics. It is needed by two categories of people: disabled people of group I and rehabilitators.

The first one needs the care of outsiders, they themselves cannot visit rehabilitation centers. Their ability to resume - dried up at the first stage.

She helps:

• adapt to live at home;
• to teach the needy techniques of adaptation, his relatives to properly care for him;
• develop the ability to serve oneself;
• provide medicines;
• help in the treatment or slowing down the development of the disease.

For this, a “hospital” is organized at home. It is expensive, because you need personnel and transport to deliver it. Relatives are attracted here. They are taught how to massage

At the first stage, a rehabilitation specialist visits the patient. In the future, the observation is carried out by the district doctor. His duties include rehabilitating, advising relatives on how to properly help the patient.

Here the problems of psychological adaptation of all family members and improvement of their quality of life are solved. It also provides for how the patient will behave in a particular situation, what actions to take.

The second one needs a long way to return, providing for the sequence of courses in a medical institution and at home. This stage is developed in advance. A person in need is mastering it while still in the hospital.

Rehabilitators do not need doctors to visit their homes. They can visit the hospital themselves.

You don't need to spend a lot here. And the treatment shows good results. That is, people who need to repeat inpatient recovery due to the persistent expression of the nature of the disease (injury), which led to certain restrictions, are corrected at home.

Departments for such correction should be located in city hospitals and take into account the structure of diseases, their level of need and the type of assistance needed.

But we do not have narrow-profile specialized departments. This is a serious problem. After all, all institutions provide assistance for various diseases and injuries.

So, rehabilitation is needed to, as far as possible, cure a person and return him to a full life. Carried out comprehensively and step by step. But, due to the lack of thoroughness of labor protection legislation, it is not always effective. After all, not everyone has the means to do so.